Disc surgery is a medical intervention used when non-surgical treatments for a herniated disc do not provide sufficient relief. Patients may undergo disc surgery to treat persistent symptoms affecting comfort, stability, and mobility. Here is more information on the purpose of disc surgery, the nature of herniated discs, underlying causes, and the general process of surgery:
What Is Disc Surgery?
Disc surgery refers to procedures designed to address problems within the intervertebral discs of the spine. The goal of disc surgery may include removing disc material that compresses surrounding nerves, stabilizing the spinal column, or replacing damaged disc tissue. The type of surgery depends on the level and location of disc damage as well as the patient’s symptoms and health status. Disc surgery is typically evaluated after conservative measures, such as medication and physical therapy, have not led to satisfactory results.
What Is a Herniated Disc?
A herniated disc occurs when the gelatinous interior of a spinal disc protrudes through a tear in the outer layer. This protrusion can press on surrounding spinal nerves or the spinal cord itself. The condition may also be referred to as a slipped or ruptured disc. Herniated discs are most commonly found in the lumbar (lower back) or cervical (neck) regions of the spine, leading to a range of neurological symptoms depending on the location and severity of the disc herniation.
What Are the Causes and Symptoms?
Multiple factors can contribute to the development of a herniated disc. These factors include age-related degeneration, repetitive motion, trauma, or excessive strain. Genetics may also play a role, as some individuals are predisposed to disc conditions.
Symptoms range from localized pain and numbness to tingling and muscle weakness. These symptoms typically depend on the precise location of the herniation and which nerves are affected. Individuals may experience pain radiating down one side of the body, such as sciatica in the case of lumbar herniation.
What Does Surgery Involve?
Disc replacement surgery is performed in a hospital setting, usually under general anesthesia. The procedure starts with a small incision, allowing the surgeon to access the affected disc. The damaged disc is carefully removed, and the space is prepared for the artificial disc.
The artificial disc is placed between the vertebrae, restoring height and movement to the spinal segment. Surgical planning is based on individual anatomy, severity of symptoms, and overall health. The care team will monitor for potential complications such as infection, bleeding, or injury to nearby nerves. Patients may stay in the hospital briefly after surgery for monitoring and receive guidance on safe movement and rehabilitation activities.
What Are the Benefits?
Disc replacement surgery offers several advantages for eligible patients. The artificial disc is designed to maintain motion at the treated spinal level, which can help preserve overall spinal flexibility. Patients may experience relief from pain, numbness, and weakness once pressure on the affected nerves is alleviated.
Additional benefits can include a shorter recovery period compared to traditional fusion procedures. Disc replacement also reduces the risk of stress on nearby spinal segments, which may occur when multiple vertebrae are fused together. This potentially lowers the long-term chance of problems in adjacent discs.
Seek Treatment Today
Living with persistent back or neck pain may affect daily function and well-being. Understanding the available options for herniated disc treatment, including surgical intervention, enables informed decision-making. If you have symptoms indicative of a herniated disc that do not respond to non-surgical care, consult with a qualified spine specialist. Professional evaluation and individualized treatment provide a chance of restoring health and comfort.
